The SIA Compliance Calendar: Every Filing a Latvian Company Owes

A Latvian SIA owes the state something in most months, and most of it is routine once you know which filings apply to you. A company with no staff, no VAT registration and no dividends has little to do beyond its annual report and one corporate income tax return a year. A company with all three has a monthly rhythm that starts on the 17th.

This lists the recurring filings a Latvian SIA makes and links the law behind each. It is not advice, and your accountant is the authority on which of them apply to your company. One-off steps, such as registering for VAT, are in their own guides. Obligations that are continuous rather than periodic, such as data protection, are not filings and are not listed here.

What Does a Latvian SIA Have to File Every Year?

Every Latvian SIA files an annual report and at least one corporate income tax return a year, and keeps its beneficial owner record current. A company with employees also reports payroll every month, a VAT-registered company files VAT returns monthly or quarterly, and the Central Statistical Bureau may ask for surveys.

Everything filed with the State Revenue Service goes through its electronic declaration system, EDS, which needs a Latvian electronic identity to sign in.

When Is the Annual Report Due in Latvia?

A micro or small company files its annual report with the State Revenue Service within 5 months of the end of its financial year, which is 31 May for a calendar year. A medium or large company has 7 months, to 31 July. Either way it must be filed no later than a month after the shareholders approve it.

The deadline has two limbs, and the earlier one wins. A company whose shareholders approve the accounts on 10 March has until 10 April, not 31 May. A company whose financial year is not the calendar year counts the months from its own year end.

The report is filed electronically through EDS, the financial statements and management report together with a note of the date they were approved. Article 97 of the Annual Accounts Law sets both the deadlines and the form.

Which Annual Report Deadline Applies to My Company?

Size decides it, measured on the balance sheet date. A company is micro if it stays within two of a balance sheet total of EUR 450,000, net turnover of EUR 900,000 and 10 employees, and small if it stays within two of a balance sheet total of EUR 5,000,000, net turnover of EUR 10,000,000 and 50 employees. Anything larger files later.

Two of three is the part that surprises people. A holding company with a large balance sheet but no staff and modest turnover can still be micro.

A company does not change category on a single good year. Article 5 of the Annual Accounts Law gives a company a smaller category's reliefs once it has stayed within that category's limits in both the current and the previous year.

When Are VAT Returns Due in Latvia?

A VAT-registered company files its return within 20 days of the end of each period and pays within 23 days. The period is a month if taxable supplies passed EUR 50,000 in the previous or current year, or if the company supplies other member states, and a quarter otherwise.

• A period with no sales still needs a return, which is due even for a period with no taxable transactions.
• A newly registered company files monthly for its first six months, whatever its turnover.
• A company supplying businesses in other member states also files a report on those supplies for each calendar month, the EU sales list, to the same deadline as the return.
• An annual VAT return is due by 1 May only in the cases article 117 of the VAT Act lists, such as a change over the year in the proportion of taxable and exempt supplies, or an adjustment to VAT charged or reclaimed.
• A deadline that falls on a weekend or public holiday moves to the next working day.

When a company has to register in the first place, and what the grace band above the threshold allows, is in the VAT guide.

Does Your Latvian Company Have to Send Structured E-Invoices?

Only when it invoices a budget institution, until 2028. Since 1 January 2025 an invoice a Latvian company issues to a state or municipal body must be a structured e-invoice, and since 1 January 2026 its data must also reach the State Revenue Service. Invoices between private companies join on 1 January 2028.

This is the filing duty most likely to be misdated, because the date moved. The Accounting Law was amended on 31 October 2024 to require structured e-invoices between all Latvian-registered companies from 1 January 2026, and amended again on 5 June 2025 to push that leg to 1 January 2028. A good deal of guidance written in 2025 still carries the old date. The public sector leg did not move, and has been in force since the start of 2025.

• A structured e-invoice is a format, not a PDF. Article 1 of the Accounting Law defines it as an invoice prepared, sent, and received in a structured electronic format that can be processed automatically, conforming to the European standard LVS EN 16931-1:2017. In practice that means an XML file to the UBL 2.1 and Peppol BIS Billing 3.0 specification. A PDF attached to an email is not one, however neatly it is laid out.
• Selling to the state is the test. Article 11, fourteenth part carries the obligation, and transitional provision 8 delays it to 2028 only where the recipient is a company that is not a budget institution. If any of your customers is a ministry, an agency, a municipality, a school, or a hospital, you are inside the rule now.
• The data goes to the Revenue Service separately. Transitional provision 10 has required companies invoicing budget institutions to pass structured e-invoice data to the Revenue Service since 1 January 2026. Cabinet Regulation No. 749 gives the deadline: once per invoice, within 5 working days of sending it.
• There are three ways to send one, and three to report it. Regulation No. 749, paragraph 4, lets companies use the official electronic address, an operator's delivery channel, or another channel agreed between them, including system integration or email. Paragraph 10 lists the routes to the Revenue Service: the official electronic address, an operator channel integrated with its API, or the electronic declaration system's API or file upload.
• A few transactions are carved out. Article 11, sixteenth part excludes transactions receipted through a registered cash register, invoices generated inside the National Health Service or State Employment Agency systems, and documents prepared by named security authorities.

If you sell only to private companies, nothing is due yet, and the useful preparation is the cheap half: activate the company's official electronic address, and ask whoever keeps your books which of the three channels their software already speaks. The e-signature guide covers the official electronic address and who in a company can read it.

When Is the Corporate Income Tax Return Due in Latvia?

Corporate income tax returns are monthly, due by the 20th of the following month, with the tax paid by the 23rd. A company may skip the return for a month in which nothing taxable arose, except the return for the last month of the financial year, which every company files.

Latvian corporate income tax falls on distributed profit rather than profit earned, so most months give a reinvesting company nothing to declare. What creates a taxable object is a dividend, or one of the deemed distributions the corporate income tax guide lists, such as a loan to a related person.

So the calendar for a company that distributes nothing is short: one return, for the last month of its financial year, by the 20th of the month after. A company the Accounting Law allows to book its documents once a quarter has a quarter as its period instead of a month.

What Payroll Reports Does a Latvian Employer File?

A Latvian employer registers each new employee with the State Revenue Service no later than one hour, and no earlier than a month, before the person starts work. After that it files a monthly report on pay, contributions and income tax by the 17th of the following month, and pays the contributions by the 23rd.

The registration is the one people miss, because it is due before the first day of work rather than after it. The same notice is used when an employee's status changes, including when they leave.

What the contributions cost is in the cost of hiring guide. A company that pays its director nothing can still owe contributions once its turnover passes a threshold, which the registration guide explains.

When Must a Latvian Company Update Its Beneficial Owners?

Within 14 days of learning of a change. A Latvian company files any change to its beneficial owners, the people who ultimately own or control it, with the Register of Enterprises under article 18.2 of the anti-money laundering law. The duty is triggered by a change, such as a share sale or a new investor, rather than by a date.

For a startup the usual trigger is a funding round that adds a shareholder. The capital increases report counts how often a capital increase in the register brings a new one.

Does a Latvian Company Have to Answer Statistics Surveys?

Only when the Central Statistical Bureau selects it. The bureau samples companies for each survey by criteria such as size, turnover and sector, and a company it asks must provide the data in the time, form and scope the bureau sets, under article 14 of the Statistics Law.

The forms and deadlines are listed under the company's tax number on the bureau's site. The bureau writes to a company when it is included, and according to its own guidance a company can be added to another survey during the year, which the bureau announces separately.

What Happens If a Latvian Company Files Late?

Fines come first. A late annual report can bring a warning or a fine of up to EUR 2,000, and a tax return more than 30 days late up to EUR 700. If the annual report is still missing 1 month after a fine, the State Revenue Service can end the company.

It can do that only once at least 6 months have passed since the missed deadline. What follows for the company and its board, and how to close a company properly instead, is in the liquidation guide.

It is not a rare ending. Of the limited companies the register ended in 2025, 42.1% had filed no annual accounts for the two years before.

What Happens in a VID Audit?

A tax audit reaches back 3 years from the payment deadline, 5 years for transfer pricing, and the State Revenue Service must decide within 90 days of starting it. Where it finds tax was understated it recovers the tax, charges late interest, and adds a penalty of 20% or 30%.

An audit is not the same thing as a query. The Revenue Service can ask questions, run a tax control, or open a full audit, and only the last of these carries the deadlines and consequences below. All of them are in the Law on Taxes and Duties, articles 23, 29, 32, and 33.2.

• How far back it reaches. 3 years from the statutory payment deadline for the tax and period in question, under article 23. That becomes 5 years where the audit tests transfer pricing against market value, or examines hybrid mismatches.
• How long it takes. The administration decides no later than 90 days after the audit starts. A senior official may extend that by 30 days where more information is needed, and by 60 days where the information has to come from a foreign tax administration. Time spent waiting on a foreign authority does not count toward the deadline.
• What it costs if they are right. Article 32 recovers the understated tax, adds late payment interest of 0.05% of the unpaid principal for each day overdue, and imposes a penalty: 20% of the undeclared tax where the understatement is within 15% of the declarable amount, and 30% where it is more. A repeat violation of the same provision within three years doubles the penalty.
• The window to correct closes on notice. You may amend a return and pay the difference at any time before an audit is announced. Article 33.2 allows an amendment in the gap between the notice and the audit starting, at a penalty of 5% of the reduced tax, but a return you never filed cannot be filed at all once the notice arrives.
• The result is final in one direction. Once an audit has covered a period and a tax, its conclusion stands and can only be reopened if criminal proceedings begin for fraud, forgery, or evasion. That cuts both ways, and is the reason an audit is worth seeing through rather than settling around.

The practical exposure for a small company is rarely the headline rate. It is that late payment interest runs from the original deadline to the day the audit opens, so a question about an invoice from three years ago arrives with three years of interest already attached.

What Is Due Each Month for a Latvian SIA?

For a company with employees, a monthly VAT period and a calendar financial year, every month brings the payroll report by the 17th, the VAT return within 20 days of the month end, and the contributions by the 23rd. January, May and July add the annual filings.

Quarterly VAT returns fall due within 20 days of the quarter end, so in the months shown. A company whose financial year is not the calendar year moves the annual report and the year-end corporate income tax return with it.

Frequently Asked Questions

When Is the Annual Report Deadline for a Small Company in Latvia?

5 months after the end of the financial year, which is 31 May when the financial year is the calendar year. The report must also be filed no later than a month after the shareholders approve it, so approving it early brings the deadline forward.

Do You File a VAT Return in Latvia If You Made No Sales?

Yes. A VAT-registered Latvian company files its return even for a period with no taxable transactions, within 20 days of the end of the period, and a return that is not filed can be fined like any other missing tax return.

Does a Latvian Company File a Corporate Income Tax Return Every Month?

Only when something taxable arose, such as a dividend. A company may skip the return for a month with no taxable object, except the return for the last month of the financial year, which it always files by the 20th of the following month.

Where Is the Annual Report Filed in Latvia?

With the State Revenue Service, electronically through its electronic declaration system, EDS, together with a note of the date the shareholders approved it. Signing in to EDS needs a Latvian electronic identity.

Does a Dormant Latvian Company Still File an Annual Report?

Yes. Suspending a company's activity does not release it from filing its annual report, and a missing annual report remains a ground on which the State Revenue Service can end the company.

How Much Is the Fine for Not Filing an Annual Report in Latvia?

Up to EUR 2,000, or a warning, under the Accounting Law. If the report is still missing 1 month after the fine and at least 6 months after the deadline, the State Revenue Service can end the company.

Sources

• Gada pārskatu un konsolidēto gada pārskatu likums, the Annual Accounts Law. Article 5 has the size categories and article 97 the filing deadlines and form.
• Pievienotās vērtības nodokļa likums, the VAT Act. Article 115 has the VAT periods, article 117 when a return and an annual return are due, article 118 the filing deadlines and the EU sales list, and article 119 payment.
• Uzņēmumu ienākuma nodokļa likums, the Corporate Income Tax Act. Article 3 has the period and article 17 the return, the payment, and the months a return may be skipped.
• Par valsts sociālo apdrošināšanu, the State Social Insurance Law, for the monthly report and the payment of contributions.
• Cabinet Regulation No. 827, paragraph 8, for registering employees before they start work.
• The anti-money laundering law, article 18.2, for beneficial owner changes.
• Statistikas likums, the Statistics Law, article 14, and the Central Statistical Bureau's survey guidance.
• Grāmatvedības likums, Par nodokļiem un nodevām, Administratīvās atbildības likums and the Komerclikums, for the fines and when the State Revenue Service can end a company.
• The Register of Enterprises open data, for the companies ended without recent accounts.

This page states deadlines and the law behind them. Which of them apply to your company is a question for your accountant.